Apple Swot Analysis – 2

Apple SWOT Analysis II Cesar Diaz MGT/521 Management October 31, 2011 Erick Espinosa Abstract Apple is a company that concerned of the environment and has been working for more than 20 years to minimize the impact their products have on the environment. Apple has developed and formulate an environmental policy in 1990 and since then, Apple has continue making their products more energy efficient, eliminating toxic substances. Apple is also the only organization that all the products they sell not only meets but exceeds the firm energy guidelines of the ENERGY STAR specification. In 2009 become the first company to report their total carbon footprint giving the opportunity to their clients to see Apple progress and efforts. Studying the financial statements of Apple investors and also costumers can determinate the health of the company, with the statements investors can decide if is a good investment risk by studying them in depth because the financial statements inform all of the business assets and liabilities and also include information about how much shareholders would receive as dividends from each share of stock. Companies calculate the earnings per share by dividing their net income by the total number of outstanding stock. Apple SWOT Analysis The environment of Apple is unique in this type of industry, because they focus on all the steps that their products pass through, Apple calculate their carbon footprint establishing the impact the company has in the planet. The footprint of Apple is divide in 46% on Manufacturing, a 6% on Transportation, a 45% on Product use, 1% of Recycling and the last 2% in Facilities The vast majority of our carbon emissions come from the manufacturing, transportation, use, and recycling of our products. The rest — 2 percent — come from our facilities. The way Apple minimize the impact of their growth is designing the products using less material, ship with smaller packaging and been as energy efficient and recyclable as Apple possible can. Apple remains committed to creating products that have the least amount of impact on the environment. Since 2008, as our revenue grew 74 percent, our greenhouse gas emissions grew only 57 percent. In other words following Energy Star qualification all products of Apple go beyond the USA Environmental Protection Agency`s strict ENERGY STAR guidelines for efficiency and has become the only company that can make that claim. In the past few years has made notable reduction in carbon Emissions (http://images. apple. com/environment/ images/manufacturing_ emissions_20110909. jpg) also the CO 2 Emissions per hour of products have considerable reduce (http://images. apple. com/environment/images/product_graph_20110909. pg) Apple continues to install state-of-the-art digital controls, high-efficiency mechanical equipment, and monitoring technology and Apple have a commitment to recycle, that also have Recycling Program and with this increasing their goal all year. The goal for 2010-2015 is a 70% of weight Recycled per year. (http://images. appleinsider. com/apple-e-waste-perc-070502. gif) Apple Inc. is an American based multinational company whose stocks are listed in the  New York S tock  Exchange and NASDAQ (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) under the symbol AAPL. The company specializes in the design, development and manufacturing of electronic equipments like computers, software and smart  phones. The hardware related product line of the company is well known to everyone; including iphone, Macintosh and ipad and ipod respectively. While there are multiple range of software`s offered by the company to its customers that ranges from operating system to the entertainment and educational based software suits. There are several statements that can be analyzed to establish the health of Apple each one with different meaning and purpose. The income statement is for measures a company's financial performance over a specific accounting period. This is one of the three major financial statements; it also  shows the net profit or loss incurred over a specific accounting period, typically over a fiscal quarter or year. The income statement of Apple is In the last quarter the Revenue (in billion) of three of Apple products Ipod, Mac and iPhone) is of 28. 23 and the cost of Revenue is 16. 89. The gross profit is 11. 38, which leave us between the selling, administration and expenses, also the department of research and development a total operating expense 19. 56. so after taxes the income available Is 6. 62 with this information investor can identify how Apple has been growing despite the death of their executive chief. The balance sheet will give the summarize of a company's assets, liabilities and  shareholders' equity  at a specific point in  time. Knowing what Apple owns and what owes and also the amount invested by the shareholders. Seen the graphic, it’s enough to appreciate that Apple does not owes nothing and the assets are increasing more each quarter Cash ; Equivalents 9,815. 00 Short Term Investments 16,137. 00 Cash and Short Term Investments 25,952. 00 Total Receivables, Net 11,717. 00 Total Current Assets 44,988. 00 Long Term Investments 55,618. 00 Total Assets 116,371. 00 Total Liabilities 39,756. 00 Total Equity 76,615. 00 Total Liabilities ; Shareholders' Equity 116,371. 00 Total Common Shares Outstanding 929. 28 And the last statement to study is cash flow, this is a A revenue or expense stream that changes a cash account  over a given period. Cash inflows usually  arise from one of three activities – financing, operations or investing – although this also occurs as a result of donations or gifts in the case of personal finance. Cash outflows result from expenses or  investments. This holds true for both business and personal finance. This statement provides aggregate data regarding all  cash inflows a company receives from both its ongoing operations and external investment sources, as well as  all cash outflows that pay for business activities and investments during a  given quarter. As we can see in the graphic and confirm with the numbers Apple has increase their operating activities but the investing are dropping fast enough to realize that even is a good market rentable their stock are not valuable right now, we can say that one of the reason that their value have decrease in stock is because of the death of Steve Jobs. After reviewing each statement I can understand that the company is financial speaking, healthy because it have values that makes the company special, such as the quality in their products and cares about the planet, also the revenue are increasing and is a solid business because is always improving for increase the profit and reduce the cost. That concern to me because as an young entrepreneur learn to measure an investment`s risk. Management use this information to see the weak points have to strengthen and how is the company doing, is the duty of the manager make the revenue of the company always increase and find a way to reduce the cost. The stocks of Apple have a value of 404. 78 and a valuation change of -0. 04% Apple has 929. 28M of Shares and 70% of the installations Apple is the owner, comparing Apple with other companies is simple to appreciate that (see table) Apple is the most stable for investment and with more market capital to invest, also is the most active in dollar volume improving in technology and research, certificating the quality of Apple products. Key stats and ratios | Q3 (Sep '11) | 2011 | Net profit margin | 23. 43% | 23. 95% | Operating margin | 30. 81% | 31. 22% | EBITD margin | – | 32. 87% | Return on average assets | 23. 81% | 27. 06% | Return on average equity | 36. 40% | 41. 67% | Employees | 46,600 | – | Carbon Disclosure Rating | – | 80/100| In terms of technology advancement Apple is pioneer because have the brains of Steve Jobs, Jonathan Ives and other top visionaries at the company But it would be a mistake to think that only these few drive all of Apple’s vision and long term strategy. Indeed, as I understand it, the visionary conclusions they come to that drive Apple is quite a collaborative effort. A good example of technology advancement is the iPhone, that product began when some engineers showed Steve Job’s a larger touch screen version of an iPod they created in 2004, It took three years to pull off but in 2007, Apple introduced the iPhone and its apps eco system and as you know, this changed the course of smart phone history. Since then, every handset maker and PC vendors has been playing catch up with Apple. It has taken at least two years for the competition to pull alongside Apple but with each new generation of the iPhone, Apple seems to raise the bar. The 4th generation of the iPhone introduced the retina screen and a front facing camera and who knows what will be in the next generation iPhone when it comes out this summer. What Apple does is use its cash hoard to pay for the construction cost (or a significant fraction of it) of the factory in exchange for exclusive rights to the output production of the factory for a set period of time (maybe 6 – 36 months), and then for a discounted rate afterwards. This yields two advantages: First Apple has access to new component technology months or years before its rivals. This allows it to release groundbreaking products that are actually impossible  to duplicate. And second Eventually its competitors catch up in component production technology, but by then Apple has their arrangement in place whereby it can source those parts at a lower cost due to the discounted rate they have negotiated. Once those technologies (or more accurately, their mass production techniques) become sufficiently commoditized, Apple is then able to compete effectively on cost and undercut rivals. It's a myth that Apple only makes premium products – it makes them all right, but that is because they are literally more advanced than anything else (i. e. the price premium is not just for design), and once the product line is no longer premium, they are produced  more cheaply  than competitor equivalents, yielding higher margins, more cash, which results in more ability to continue the cycle. There is one other strategic advantage that Apple has that does not make them happy and that is Apple’s $60 billion cash in the bank. Although there has been suggestion from stockholders that some of that be given back to shareholders, Jobs and team have argued that they need it for acquisitions and other competitive issues. Well, it turns out the competitive issue they are talking about is the ability to pre-buy components in large quantities and at big price breaks. One example was the $500 million purchase of flash memory Apple did three or four years ago that almost wiped out the entire supply of flash at the time and drove the price f flash for competitors up. Apple is currently working on the differentiation strategy by putting unique elements in the design and development of its products. The differentiation strategy is defined as a strategy that aims to develop the products and or services that have unique characteristics that are well liked by the customers and are valued by them. This strategy enhances the market position of the companies with respect to their counterparts (Porter, 1998). Moreover, the company strategies also involve the expansion of its distribution network  in order to improve its global reach by providing high quality products and services with after  sales services to their customers. Therefore, the company is positioned uniquely in the markets to offer superior and integrated digital technologies and productivity solutions. The company faces aggressive competition from the other market players. According to Hoover (2011) the top three competitors of Apple Inc. in United States are Fujitsu Technology Solutions (Holding) B. V. , International Business Machines Corporation and Media Net Digital, Inc. respectively. The needs of the markets it caters are highly competitive in nature due to the ever changing and advancing technological environment and the rapid introduction of new technology based products. The main competitors of the company are following cost leadership strategies by reducing the prices of their products or by maintaining low profit margins to maintain their market share. There are various forces that can impact the business and profitability of Apple. These factors may include the marketing mix  ± product, price, place, promotion strategies, product  performance, the quality and reliability of the product, innovative designs as well as the availability of up to date software services. Currently, the management of the company is focusing on the expansion of its business markets related to the smart phones and other media and communication devices. Therefore, it is expected that the competition in these markets will tend to increase for the company. Conclusion Apple competitors delight in going head-to-head with Apple in hardware, because they can compete with them at this level. But it’s the combinations of its hardware that’s created specifically to be a vehicle for its software and the software itself that really sets Apple apart. And, there is another element to Apple’s â€Å"blank screen† strategy that adds to its competitive advantage. It makes Apple driven content a cornerstone of its extended software offerings. Also the study result showed that the company is doing pretty well in the global markets due the integrated resources and operative capabilities that are outcome of globalization. Apple Inc. lags only in its outsourcing associations with the other company’s at different countries of the world. In order to improve the outsourcing practices ethically, Apple can strictly ask its outsourcing partners to comply with the ethical rules, and regulations. References Apple Finance (2011, October 18). Apple Financial Result [Audio podcast]. Conference Call. Retrieved from http://stream. qtv. apple. com/events/oct/earnings/earnings_11/earnings_ref. mov Apple Inc.. (October 21, 2011). Environmental Policy. Retrieved from http://www. apple. com/privacy/ Apple an the Enviroment. (2011, Summer). Environmental Progress. Retrieved from http://www. apple. com/environment/progress/ Bajarin, T. (2011, March 5). Apple`s Strategic Advantage. Retrieved from http://technologypundits. com/2011/03/apples-strategic-advantage/ Google Finace. (2011, Octuber 31). Apple Summary Statement. Retrieved from http://www. google. com/finance? q=NASDAQ:AAPL McHugh, N. W. (2010). Understanding business (9th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin..

Psychology Learning Essay

Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The following account should probably come under the heading â€Å"Strange but True.† It describes a psychologist’s use of self-administered punishment to change a socially unacceptable behavior.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A person once knew a psychologist who, for reasons which will be discovered shortly, shall remain anonymous. For the sake of the study, this person is named Richard. Richard had a bad habit. He chewed his nails. Well, that’s not actually correct; he chewed his nails off and then spit them out, usually while he was lecturing. Once in a great while, this practice was called to his attention, and it always embarrassed him. He said that he wasn’t aware that he was doing it. It had become such an ingrained habit that he could chew off all ten nails, spit in all directions, and still be totally unconscious of what he was doing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Richard was a respected learning theorist, and he decided that if anyone could devise a behavior-modification technique to eliminate his habit, he would. The next day he arrived, all smiles, and said he had a request: If any of those around see him biting his nails, this should be brought to his attention. It wasn’t long that before someone said, â€Å"Uh, Richard, you’re doing it.† He stopped and looked at his nails and said, â€Å"So I am.† Then as everyone was watched, pulled up his shirtsleeve, grabbed hold of a heavy-duty rubber band that had wrapped around his wrist, stretched it out a distance of about ten inches, and let is go. There was a vicious snap. He yelled, cursed, and shook his hand. Everyone looked on amazement. Surely learning theorist were all a little insane. â€Å"Punishment,† he said. â€Å"Punishment is the answer!†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What happened to the people around Richard was interesting. Some took relish in pointing out that he was biting his snails, just to see him snap the huge rubber band around his wrist; others preferred to ignore his habit, because they couldn’t stand to see him in that much pain. Happily, after two days, Richard’s habit had been broken.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One person asked him how he thought his program worked. He said, â€Å"Well, if I unconsciously unlearn it. Whenever I was chewing my nails, I administered this punishment. Pretty soon my brain learned that nail chewing resulted in something very unpleasant.† He said that the last time he reached his hand up to his mouth (quite unconsciously), he got a terrible sinking feeling that something awful was about to happen. â€Å"It made me aware.† he said. â€Å"I looked at my hand and saw it was approaching my mouth. Somewhere deep in my brain the little gray cells were screaming, â€Å"Don’t do it!†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was reported that some days later Richard was wearing rubber bands around his ankles, but nobody wanted want to ask why (Dworetzky, 1994). Discussion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Learning pervades people’s lives. It is involved not only in mastering a new skill or academic subject but also in emotional development, social interaction, and even personality development. People learn what they fear, what to love, how to be polite, hoe to be intimate, and so on. Given the pervasiveness of learning in lives of people, it is not surprising that there have been instances of it – how, for example, children to perceive the world around them, to identify with their own sex, and to control their behavior according to adult standards (Atkinson, 1993). However, there is a more systematic analysis of learning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Learning may be defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior that results from practice; behavior change that are due to maturation (rather than practice)or temporary conditions of the organism (such as fatigue or drug-induced states) are not included. All cases of learning are not the same though.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Psychology is the study of behavior. Psychologists study learning because among most animals, especially humans, the vast majority of behavior is learned. Learning may also be defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience (Dworetzky, 1988).   Experts, however, tell that when somebody says â€Å"relatively permanent change,† this excludes the effects of such factors as fatigue. Fatigue, which occurs because of experience, may change behavior, but only temporary, whereas learning implies a more lasting change.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Learning is defined by Craig et al., as a process through which one’s capacity or disposition is changed as a result of experience. Whitaker (1972) defines it also as the process by which behavior originates or is altered through experience, while Wittig (in Bernstein et al., 1991) and Hilgard (1975) view it as behavior that occurs as a result of experience.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Apparently while learning can be defined as a process and as a product, more definitions stress learning more as a process. This idea suggests that it is not the product but the process that is important since the products of learning both what one is capable of and what one is predisposed to. Changes resulting from development and experience are emphasized; changes resulting from maturation such as growing older, innate tendencies like reflexes and conditions caused by fatigue, drugs, and diseases are strictly not considered as learned behavior. Adaptive value of Learning (Classical Conditioning) ~Overeating: Taste-Aversion Learning   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Taste-aversion learning involves associating particular sensory cues (smells, tastes, sounds or sights), with an unpleasant response, such as nausea or vomiting. Taste-aversion learning can also occur from overindulgence. For example, children report taste aversions to food after overeating and becoming sick. Similarly, the majority of college students’ report taste versions after drinking too much alcohol and getting sick. In these examples, taste aversions to food or drink developed after a single trial and lasted an average of four to five years (Logue et al., 1981). ~Conditioned Emotional Response: Why a certain Christmas song elicits pleasant childhood memories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the conditioned emotional response, one feels some positive or negative emotion, such as happiness, fear, or anxiety, when experiencing a stimulus that initially accompanied a painful or pleasant event.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For example, many couples have a special song that becomes emotionally associated with their relationship. When one in the absence of the other hears this song, it can elicit strong emotional and romantic feelings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In other cases, conditioned emotional responses may develop into irrational fears that are called phobias.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A phobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by an intense and irrational fear that is out of all proportion to the danger elicited by the object or situation. In comparison, a fear is a realistic response to a threatening situation (Bernstein, 1991).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   About 73 percent of people with phobias were able to trace the start of their phobias to fearful, painful, or traumatic situations that involved classical conditioning (Atkinson et al., 1993 in Kleinknecht, 1994 and Kuch et al., 1994). For example, about 5 victims involved in moving car accidents had developed fears of sitting or riding in cars, and another third developed the corresponding phobias (Kuch et al., 1994). Just as classical conditioning can result in fears and phobias, however, it can also be used to reduce them. ~Prejudice   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the mid-1940s, psychologist Kenneth Clark held a black doll and a white doll in his hands and asked the following questions of young white children living in the South:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Which doll looks like you?†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Now tell me which doll is the good doll?†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Which doll is the bad doll?† These children knew that the white doll looked like them. most children also indicated that the white doll was the â€Å"good doll† and the black doll was â€Å"dirty† or â€Å"ugly† ( Clark and Clark, 1947). How had these southern white children learned to make such association? During the decades of racial prejudices that had come before, darer skins had become associated with poverty and with being â€Å"inferior,† not just in the South, but generally throughout the United States. The white children had learned to attribute these characteristics to black people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The racist attitude is what the white children had been taught; it is also what the black children had been taught. The black had been raised in the same general environment, the same country. They, too, had seen that the whites had better and they had worse. And, as the Clarks discovered in further research, a majority of black children also chose the white doll as the good one and the black doll as the bad one.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A conditioning experiment conducted by researcher Staats (1958 in Atkinson et al., 1993) helped to show how association process could be responsible for the prejudice, Dr. Clark observed. In their experiment, college students were asked to look at one word while pronouncing another. Without being aware of the purpose of the experiment, the students were manoeuvred into pairing pleasant words or unpleasant words with a particular name (Tom or Bill) or a certain nationality (Swedish or Dutch). In short, subjects revealed obvious differences in attitudes towards these names and nationalities, simply because those words had been paired with positive or negative words. Advertisers, politicians, movie makers, and just about everyone else try to use this kind of conditioning to affect people’s emotions. Then a politician associates himself with a positive symbol such as the flag, or when a movie maker uses dramatic music, or when someone dresses well for a job interview, each is invoking the same process: Each is attempting to render something – the politician, the movie maker, or the job seeker – more appealing through association with positive stimuli.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What appears to be occurring in the instances of association, like those just described, is a kind of higher order conditioning (Dworetzky, 1998). Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In classical conditioning, the conditioned response often resembles the normal response to the unconditioned stimulus: salivation, for example,   is a dog’s normal response to food. But when you want to teach an organism something novel – such as teaching a dog new trick – you cannot use classical conditioning. What unconditioned stimulus would make a dog sit up or roll over? To train the dog, you must first persuade it to do the trick (Bernstein et al., 1991).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Much of the real-life behavior is like this: responses are learned because they operate on, or effect the environment. Referred to as an operant conditioning, this kind of learning occurs in human individuals, as well as in animals. Alone in a crib, a baby may kick and twist and coo spontaneously. When left by itself, a dog may pad back and forth, sniff, or perhaps pick up a ball, drop it, and play with it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Neither organism is responding to the onset or offset of a specific external stimulus. Rather, they are operating on their environment. Once the organism performs a certain behavior, however, the likelihood that the action will be repeated depends on its consequences. The baby will coo more often if each such occurrence is followed by parental attention, and the dog will pick up the ball more often if petting or a food reward follows this action. If we think of the baby as having a gaol of parental attention, and the dog as having the goal of food, then operant conditioning amounts to learning that a particular behavior leads to attaining a particular goal (Rescorla, 1987). Reference: Atkinson, R.L., R.C. Atkinson, E.E. Smith, D.J. Bem, and S.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Nolen-Hoeksema, 1993. Introduction to Psychology, 13th ed.    New York: Harcourt College Publishers. Bernstein, D.A., E.J. Roy, T.K. Srull, and C.D. Wickens, 1991.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Psychology. New Jersey: Houghton Mifflin Company. Bootzin, R.R. 1991. Psychology.   New York: Gilford Press. Clark, L., A.D. Watson, and S. Reynolds, 1995. Diagnosis and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   classification of psychopathology: Challenges to the current system and future directions. Annual review of   Ã‚  Ã‚   Psychology 46: 121-53. Dworetzky, J.P. 1988. Psychology.3rd Ed. Mew York: West   Ã‚  Ã‚   Publishing Company. Logue, A.W., I.Ophir, and K.E. Strauss. 1981. The Acquisition    of taste aversions in humans. Behavior Research and Therapy,19:3:19-35. Morgan, Clifford T. 1977. A Brief Introduction to Psychology.    2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company. Rescorla, R.A. 1987. A Pavlovian analysis of goal-directed   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   behavior. American Psychologist 42:119-129, 265.   

Cómo se apostilla un documento para darle validez en otro país

La apostilla de la Haya es un sello que acredita que un documento obtenido en un paà ­s es verdadero y, por lo tanto, debe ser reconocido y aceptado como và ¡lido en otro. El sello de la apostilla —o apostille— puede variar en diseà ±o, tamaà ±o o color entre paà ­ses. Lo fundamental para su validez es que sea colocado por una autoridad competente segà ºn las leyes que regulan este tema en cada uno de los paà ­ses firmantes de la Convencià ³n de la Haya o que adoptaron ese tratado posteriormente. Este artà ­culo informa sobre los puntos clave que deben saberse sobre la Apostilla de la Haya, quà © tipo de documentos se pueden apostillar y cuà ¡les son las autoridades competentes para apostillar en todos los paà ­ses de Latinoamà ©rica que forman parte de la Convencià ³n, asà ­ como en Estados Unidos y en Espaà ±a.  ¿Cuà ¡les documentos se pueden apostillar? Son susceptible de apostillar documentos de registro civil, por ejemplo, certificados de nacimiento, matrimonio, divorcio, defuncià ³n o solterà ­a. Tambià ©n aplica a documentos notariales, certificaciones de nivel de estudio, diplomas acadà ©micos y titulaciones universitarias. Asimismo, pueden apostillarse las certificaciones de los registros mercantiles, patentes, autos y sentencias judiciales, y cualquier otro documento emitido por una autoridad o funcionario pà ºblico. Por otro lado, no pueden apostillarse los documentos administrativos referentes a una actividad aduanera o mercantil, ni tampoco los expedidos por agentes consulares.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Argentina? La potestad de legalizar un documento mediante la apostilla de la Haya —conocida en Argentina como Apostille— corresponde al Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y Culto. La documentacià ³n debe presentarse en Esmeralda 1214, C.A.B.A. C1007ABR. En el interior del paà ­s los colegios de escribanos està ¡n habilitados para colocar la apostilla. Si la documentacià ³n a legalizar ha sido emitida o certificada por una autoridad local, previamente a presentar los papeles deberà ¡ obtenerse una legalizacià ³n por el Ministerio del Interior, Obras Pà ºblicas y Vivienda, y deberà ¡ solicitarse el turno por Internet. Por otra parte, los tà ­tulos universitarios y las certificaciones de estudios secundarios y de estudios superiores no universitarios deberà ¡n contar con la cadena de legalizaciones previa exigida por el Ministerio de Educacià ³n o, en su caso, el Ministerio de Sanidad, dependiendo del tipo de estudios.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Bolivia? Desde 2018, se puede solicitar apostillar un documento en las oficinas del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores en La Paz, Cochabamba o Santa Cruz.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Chile? La autoridad competente para apostillar en Chile depende de la naturaleza del documento pà ºblico. Asà ­, para asuntos de justicia le corresponde a los secretarios regionales ministeriales, y en el caso de la regià ³n metropolitana, al Subsecretario de Justicia. Los documentos de educacià ³n deben presentarse ante las secretarà ­as regionales ministeriales. Los sanitarios, ante los secretarios regionales ministeriales, el Intendente de Prestadores de Salud o directores de servicios de salud. Los documentos de identificacià ³n o registro civil deben apostillarse con los directores regionales o el nacional. Los documentos emitidos por el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores deben ser apostillados por el Director General de Asuntos Exteriores e Inmigracià ³n. Si la persona que debe apostillar un documento se encuentra fuera de Chile, puede solicitar este servicio por Internet y retirar el documento apostillado en un consulado en el exterior.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Colombia? La tramitacià ³n de la apostilla se hace en là ­nea.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Costa Rica? La autoridad para apostillar corresponde al Departamento de Autenticaciones del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto. La solicitud de cita se realiza en là ­nea. Pueden presentarse un mà ¡ximo de 12 documentos por cita.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Ecuador? En Ecuador, varias oficinas repartidas por las nueve zonas del paà ­s està ¡n autorizadas para apostillar documentos pà ºblicos, previo pago de una tarifa de $20 que se reduce para mayores de 65 aà ±os y personas con discapacidad. Puede apostillar el titular del documento pà ºblico o una tercera persona.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en El Salvador? Corresponde apostillar al Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, el cual lo hace de forma gratuita. Previamente a presentar los documentos para apostillar es necesario obtener la certificacià ³n de autenticacià ³n de la firma del documento. El lugar donde se obtiene depende de la naturaleza de dicho documento. Por ejemplo, si se trata de partidas del estado civil, pueden hacerlo el alcalde municipal, el jefe del registro del estado familiar o el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores; si se trata de tà ­tulos universitarios, se encarga el Ministerio de Educacià ³n o el de Relaciones Exteriores.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Estados Unidos? En Estados Unidos, la competencia para legalizar un documento mediante la apostilla de la Haya corresponde a diversas autoridades dependiendo del tipo de documento. Asà ­, si se trata de un documento emitido por una agencia del gobierno federal, puede apostillar la Oficina de Autenticacià ³n del Departamento de Estado. Se puede contactar marcando al 1-202-647-5002 o por correo. El costo es de $8 por documento. Si se trata de apostillar un Reporte Consular de Nacimiento, el certificado de matrimonio o fallecimiento de un ciudadano estadounidense ocurrido fuera de Estados Unidos, o el certificado de nacimiento o fallecimiento emitido entre 1904 y 1979 por el Gobierno de la Zona del Canal de Panamà ¡, la competencia recae en el Bureau de Asuntos Consulares del Departamento de Estado. La solicitud de la apostilla debe estar notarizada y acompaà ±ada por una copia legible de una identificacià ³n emitida en los Estados Unidos como, por ejemplo, la licencia de manejar. Si se trata de documentos emitidos por un juez o una corte federal, como una sentencia o un auto, por ejemplo, pueden apostillarlos los secretarios o los asistentes de secretario de dichas cortes. Asimismo, en estos casos hay otra alternativa, la cual consiste en solicitar al Departamento de Justicia de Estados Unidos que autentifique el sello de una corte federal y, a continuacià ³n, solicitar la apostilla a la Oficina de Autenticacià ³n del Departamento de Estado. Sin embargo, en Estados Unidos, la mayorà ­a de las veces la autoridad competente para apostillar es el Secretario de Estado de cada uno de los estados, ya que ellos apostillan documentos emitidos por cortes locales y tambià ©n documentos de registro civil, como por ejemplo certificado de nacimiento, matrimonio, divorcio o fallecimiento, o incluso de un tà ­tulo acadà ©mico. En estos casos, antes de apostillar es necesario obtener el documento original o una copia oficial del mismo. En el caso de certificados de nacimiento o de estado civil, lo mà ¡s frecuente es que se deba contactar con la oficina del secretario del condado (county clerk, en inglà ©s) o de la municipalidad. Tambià ©n es posible obtenerlo a travà ©s de pà ¡ginas en Internet dedicadas a esta labor como, por ejemplo, vitalcheck. En ningà ºn caso, las embajadas o consulados de Estados Unidos pueden colocar el sello de la apostilla en un documento emitido por una autoridad de Estados Unidos.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Espaà ±a? Para apostillar documentos pà ºblicos administrativos o judiciales, incluidos los de registro civil, las autoridades competentes son las gerencias territoriales del Ministerio de Justicia, la Oficina Central de Atencià ³n al Ciudadano, el mismo ministerio y las secretarà ­as de gobierno de los Tribunales Superiores de Justicia autonà ³micos. Sin embargo, si los documentos judiciales han sido expedidos por el Tribunal Supremo o por la Audiencia Nacional, la autoridad competente son sus respectivos secretarios judiciales. Finalmente, si se trata de un documento privado o un documento notarial, tienen la competencia para apostillar los colegios notariales. En numerosos casos es posible que previamente a apostillar se requiera un reconocimiento de firma por parte de la autoridad competente, como es el caso de tà ­tulos universitarios, documentos expedidos por el Instituto de Seguridad Social, el Instituto Nacional de Empleo, la Agencia Tributaria, etc.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Guatemala? Corresponde la labor de apostillar al Departamento de Autà ©nticas de la Direccià ³n General de Asuntos Jurà ­dicos del Departamento de Relaciones Exteriores, ubicado en el Centro de Atencià ³n al Migrante (2a. Av. 4-17 zona 10), en Ciudad de Guatemala.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Honduras? Corresponde esta labor a la Seccià ³n de Autà ©ntica y Apostilla de la Secretarà ­a de Estado en el Despacho de Relaciones Exteriores, Municipio del Distrito Central. Para la solicitud se requiere presentar recibo bancario de pago de tarifa. La apostilla se demora un dà ­a.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Mà ©xico? Los documentos pà ºblicos estatales deben apostillarse con el gobierno del estado correspondiente. Son ejemplo de este tipo de documentos los emitidos por los oficiales del Registro Civil, los Jueces del Fuero Comà ºn, los presidentes municipales, los notarios pà ºblicos, la Procuradurà ­a y el Tribunal Superior de Justicia Estatal, etc. En el caso de documentos pà ºblicos federales, corresponde apostillar a la Secretarà ­a de Gobernacià ³n, Calle Rà ­o Amazonas # 62, Planta Baja,  Del. Cuauhtà ©moc, Col. Cuauhtà ©moc, C. P. 06500, Ciudad de Mà ©xico, Tel. (0155) 50-93-32-18 y 50-93-32-22. Las personas que viven en el interior de la repà ºblica pueden evitar tener que desplazarse al D.F. enviando la documentacià ³n por paqueterà ­a con guà ­a prepagada. Previamente, deberà ¡n certificarse la firma del documento, pagar en ventanilla bancaria la hoja de ayuda para el pago de derechos, presentar identificacià ³n oficial vigente con pasaporte, INE, cà ©dula profesional o cartilla militar y, en el caso de los mexicanos, el CURP (Clave à ºnica de registro de poblacià ³n).  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Nicaragua? La autoridad competente es la Direccià ³n General Consular de la Cancillerà ­a. El titular puede presentarse en persona en sus oficinas o enviar la documentacià ³n por courier, previa descarga del formulario en el que se realiza la peticià ³n de apostilla.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Panamà ¡? La labor de apostillar corresponde al Departamento de Autenticacià ³n y Legalizacià ³n del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, ubicado en Ave. Ricardo J. Alfaro, Centro Comercial Sun Towers Mall. Se puede contactar marcando al 511-4045 / 511-4046.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Perà º? En Perà º corresponde al Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores la labor de apostillar documentos pà ºblicos, y realiza esta labor en las Ventanillas de Trà ¡nsito y Atenciones Personalizadas. Cualquier consulta sobre la apostilla puede enviarse por correo electrà ³nico a: legalizacionesyapostillatrcrree.gob.pe  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Repà ºblica Dominicana? La persona interesada en apostillar un documento pà ºblico debe presentarse en el à ¡rea de Recepcià ³n y Entrega de Documentos de la Direccià ³n de Legalizacià ³n de Documentos dependiente del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. Previamente deberà ¡ haber pagado la tasa correspondiente en el Banco de Reservas y obtenido la certificacià ³n de firmas ante la autoridad competente que dependerà ¡ del tipo de documento. Asà ­, si se trata de actos de tipo civil, deberà ¡ obtenerse certificacià ³n previa por parte de la junta de distrito. En el caso de documentos jurà ­dicos o judiciales, està ¡ a cargo el Departamento de Legalizacià ³n de Firmas de la Procuradurà ­a General de la Repà ºblica; los documentos de estudios de primaria y secundaria son apostillados por el Ministerio de Estado de Educacià ³n; de los de estudios universitarios se encarga el Ministerio de Educacià ³n Superior; los documentos mercantiles y de empresas son apostillados por la Cà ¡mara de Comercio; los relacionados con la salud se apostillan por el Ministerio de Salud Pà ºblica; los militares, por el Ministerio de Defensa y Policà ­a Nacional; y, finalmente, los documentos concernientes a la religià ³n catà ³lica, son apostillados por el departamento de legalizaciones del arzobispado.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Venezuela? Para apostillar es necesario registrarse en la pà ¡gina del Ministerio del Poder Popular para las Relaciones Exteriores y solicitar cita electrà ³nica. El dà ­a de la cita puede acudir el titular del documento, un familiar o su representante o apoderado. De interà ©s para quienes desean estudiar o trabajar en EE.UU. Entre los documentos que mà ¡s se apostillan està ¡n los relacionados con la educacià ³n. Es un paso comà ºn para los extranjeros que desean estudiar o desempeà ±ar trabajados que requieren ciertos estudios en Estados Unidos. La apostilla es diferente a la validacià ³n y homologacià ³n de los expedientes y tà ­tulos acadà ©micos. En Estados Unidos, la llevan a cabo empresas privadas expresamente reconocidas por la institucià ³n en la que se desea estudiar o trabajar, es decir, no sirve cualquiera y es necesario prestar atencià ³n a ese detalle. Puntos clave La apostilla permite que un documento expedido en un paà ­s sea aceptado en otro.Se apostilla en el paà ­s que ha emitido el documento.Cuba es el à ºnico paà ­s hispanoparlante en donde no aplica la Convencià ³n de la Haya.Embajadas y consulados no pueden apostillar.Dependiendo de los casos, es posible que sea imprescindible obtener un reconocimiento de firma antes de apostillar e, incluso, una traduccià ³n jurada que tambià ©n podrà ­a ser necesario apostillar. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal de ningà ºn tipo.

High Performance Teams - 2714 Words

In today’s business world, more and more organizations are moving away from the use of individual work assignments to a combination of manager-led and self-directing teams. These businesses are relying on groups of unique individuals to come together and work on a common goal with a shared purpose. The ultimate goal for these teams are to produce more than what the individuals could do separately. In order for those teams to accomplish this, they must become high performance teams. High performance teams consist of a small number of individuals with complementary skills, who are committed to a specific goal and mutually agree to hold each other accountable for their results. Those teams who make it to this level experience autonomy,†¦show more content†¦If it is a known fact that individuals tend to compare themselves to each other, then why are leaders in organizations so surprised that conflict, rivalry, or competition amongst team members occurs? Part of the reason is because while organizations have changed their thinking from an individualistic form of production to a collectivist form of teams, they have failed to change their form of recognition, incentives, motives, and culture to match. Organizations are promoting the idea of teams and working together for a common goal and purpose, all while offering incentives that are unchanged from the original idea of individual motivation and it is creating competition rather than the cooperation that they need for high performance teams (Beersma, Hollenbeck, Humphrey, Moon, Conlon, Ilgen, 2003). Unfortunately, there has been considerable controversy over the idea of competition and cooperation in teams. Some research shows that competition is beneficial, while others show that it creates the conflict organizations are trying to avoid. Therefore, it is important to examine the idea of competition and cooperation and seek to decide which is better to pursue. According to Scarborough (2012) one of the best qualities of business leaders or entrepreneurs is a competitive nature. So, ifShow MoreRelatedHigh-Performance Teams1225 Words   |  5 Pageshow a group can become a high-performance team. The purpose is also to examine the impact of demographic characteristics and cultural diversity on group behavior. This paper will illustrate how demographic characteristics and cultural diversity contribute to or detract from high-performance teams. High-Performance Teams A high-level of performance makes up the basis for groups and teams today. High-performance is a major focus for many organizations since group and teams have become more commonRead MoreHigh Performance Teams966 Words   |  4 PagesHigh Performance Teams Whether through sports, business, or family, nearly everyone has at one time or another has been part of a team. Teams are every where and if one plans on succeeding in business in today s workforce, they need to get used to it as it appears that teams are here to stay. Not every team though is productive. Very often teams end up performing poorly or result in internal conflict that gets out oh hand to the point that nothing gets done. Organizations both small and largeRead MoreEssay High Performance Teams701 Words   |  3 Pagesmanagers may be having in establishing self-directed, high-performing teams Some of the difficulties that managers may have when establishing self-directed, high- performance teams is that the team is not provided with a vision and directions. High performance teams are psychologically bound together by the team goals they work which help them to achieve their future aspirations. The manager is the team leader and should guide the team in the right direction. This vision can be articulatedRead MoreHigh Performance Team Essay1157 Words   |  5 Pageshow a team/group can become a high-performance team/group, examine the demographic characteristics and culture diversity and the impact on the team/group behavior. I will also describe how demographic characteristics and cultural diversity contribute to or detract from high-performance groups or teams. What is a team/group? A team/group is a group of people who form together to complete a mutual goal such as a presentation, paper, discussing a topic or creating a new design. How does a team/groupRead More High Performance Team Essay1586 Words   |  7 PagesHigh-Performance Team Abstract This paper will explain how a group within an organization becomes a high-performance team. It will also examine the impact of demographic characteristics and cultural diversity on group behavior. The paper will try to describe how demographic characteristics and cultural diversity contribute to, or detract from high-performance teams. Introduction There are a number of elements that are necessary for the creation of any team. These include: two or moreRead MoreDeveloping High Performance Team2374 Words   |  10 PagesDeveloping a High Performance Team Purpose: In today’s industries, companies demand a kind of responsiveness, speed, and quality that is beyond the reach of individual performance. High performance teams generate commitment and provide the structures that inspire employees to give their very best effort. Compared to employees working alone, teams make better decisions, products, and services. Companies rely on team’s ability to perform at high levels and quickly adapt to escalating demandsRead MoreGroups and High-Performance Teams1617 Words   |  7 Pagesof a high-performing team. Effective leaders are able to assemble a high-performance team with good hierarchical balance, measurable and attainable goals, and appropriate communication expectations across the team. They promptly address conflict resolutions and break down all physical barriers in managing multi-city offices and dispersed employees. By paying close attention to team demographics and diversity, good leaders will establish a solid gro up foundation which will result in a high-performanceRead MoreLeading High-Performance Teams Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesLeading high-performance teams The team working is an important concept of the society wherein few people work together towards a common goal. In American culture, working in teams often considered contrary. Marvin Weisbord, author and organizational development expert, mentioned that, â€Å"Teamwork is the quintessential contradiction of a society grounded in individual achievement.† Still building, leading and organizing successful teams considered as a critical leadership task. It is alwaysRead MoreBuilding a High Performance Project Team2988 Words   |  12 PagesBUILDING A HIGH PERFORMANCE PROJECT TEAM - A key success factor in project management By : Kofi Amoakohene MS Operations Project Management Executive Summary Project management in today’s challenging economy requires collaborative effort across an organization. Project managers are expected to make the most out of their team regardless of its composition. Therefore, unless the group operates as a high performance team, the project will not successfully balance the trade-offRead MoreTeam Work and High Performance Organization21591 Words   |  87 PagesTeamwork and high performance work organisation Introduction Defining teamwork High performance workplace organisation Scope of study Incidence of teamwork Teamwork and autonomy Impact of teamwork on learning environment Job satisfaction Negative consequences of teamwork Organisational environment Conclusion References Annex 1: Sample survey questions Annex 2: Survey sources This report is available in electronic format only. Wyattville Road, Loughlinstown, Dublin 18, Ireland

Dreaming and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder The Connection

Introduction According to the dictionary diagnosis in PsychCentral, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is defined as a â€Å"debilitating mental disorder that follows experiencing or witnessing an extremely traumatic, tragic, or terrifying event† (PTSD Info Treatment, 2013). While this definition describes the general definition of PTSD, the DSM-IV states that the criteria for being diagnosed with PTSD varies between a person who â€Å"experienced, witnessed, or was confronted with an event or events that involved actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others† and/or â€Å"the person’s response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror† (DSM-IV, Appendix E). Such experiences can include various situations such as military involvement for veterans, domestic abuse, and even divorce, as will be refereed to throughout this paper. It is stated that once a person experiences a traumatic event, PTSD can develop as a combination of varying symptoms. When diagnosing possible PTSD patients, clinicians use the DSM-IV as a guide in â€Å"understanding clusters of symptoms† (Staggs, para. 1). Some of these symptoms include â€Å"recurrent and intrusive† recollections of the situation, â€Å"including images, thoughts, or perceptions; acting or feeling as if the traumatic event were recurring; intense psychological distress† to symbols representing trauma; and â€Å"recurrent distressing dreams of the event†, or nightmares/terrors (DSM-IV, Appendix E). While allShow MoreRelatedThe Lucid Dreaming And How Can It Be A Method Of Psychotherapy For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Essay1124 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction Those who experience lucid dreaming in the stage of REM sleep are aware of their dreams and able to control their dreams. Lucid dreaming could be a possible treatment for those with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who suffer from nightmares. During lucid dreaming in a nightmare, the PTSD patients would be able to let go of their fear by recognizing the threats they have in their dreams are not real. PTSD patients can also transform their dreams into something moreRead More Dreaming and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: The Connection1933 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction According to the dictionary diagnosis in PsychCentral, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is defined as a â€Å"debilitating mental disorder that follows experiencing or witnessing an extremely traumatic, tragic, or terrifying event† (PTSD Info Treatment, 2013). While this definition describes the general definition of PTSD, the DSM-IV states that the criteria for being diagnosed with PTSD varies between a person who â€Å"experienced, witnessed, or was confronted with an event or events that involvedRead MoreAnalysis : Eye Movement Desensitization And Reprocessing1348 Words   |  6 Pagesthat changed the way you feel about yourself or about your place and safety in the world† (FIX). For many years, people have been using Cognitive Behavior Therapy and other kinds of exposure therapy to treat conditions such as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and psychosis. People who find events or memories that disable the ability to enjoy e veryday life are starting to use exposure therapy. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is an effectiveRead MoreEssay about Exploring Multiple Personality Disorder2415 Words   |  10 PagesExploring Multiple Personality Disorder In popular culture, Dissociation, and Dissociative Identity Disorder (previously known as Multiple Personality Disorder--MPD) is considered a very exotic, rare and enigmatic psychological phenomenon (11). It seems that, especially in the media and entertainment, multiple personality disorder is stigmatized by a number of quite florid and nearly hysterical symptoms. Clinically, however, Multiple Personality Disorder has been recognized for centuries and

The Subprime Mortgage Crisis

Question: Discuss the impact of the financial crisis on financial institutions and businesses elsewhere including your own country. Answer: Possible causes of financial crisis: The following are the causes of the financial crisis: 1. Fall of the Lehman brothers: the collapse of the Lehman brothers shook the financial system of the world. The ensuing crunch of the credit led to the worst recession of the world. The effects of the crisis are still being felt and many European countries are still ripping through the economy of the world. 2. Failures in the credit rating and securitization: there were the failures in the credit rating and securitization that changed the bad mortgages into the toxic financial assets. The securitizers had lowered the credit quality and had termed these securities as the safe investments and the buyers failed to look and go behind the ratings and the go for their due diligence. The managers of the large and the mid-size financial institutions had a huge amount of highly correlated housing risks and this risk was amplified when they held the capital in relation with the risks and funded the exposures with the debt of the short term. They also assumed that the funds will always be available. But they both turned out to be the bad debts. (Bill Thomas and Holtz-Eakin, 2015 (economist, 2015) 3. Houses to money markets: the securities that were backed up by the mortgages had suffered a fall in the value, if they were valued at all. Soon, it became difficult to sell these assets at any price or to use them as the collateral for the short term funding so that the banks could rely on them. The sale prices increased and injured the capital markets of the banks to mark to market rules of accounting. 4. The central bankers and the other regulators mishandled the crisis by failing to keep up the imbalances in the economy in check and for failing to exercise the proper oversight of the institutions. 5. The Basel committee had not set up any rules for the share in the assets of the bank and that should be liquid. This failed to set up a mechanism so as to allow the huge international bank to go bust and caused the rest of the system to seize up Effects of the financial crisis on the banks: The banks in the developing countries had to suffer the major contractions in the lines of credit and had also reduced the flows of the capital. It was due to the failure of the leading financial institutions such as the IMF that led to the response to the Asian crisis during the second great recession. The IMF had also recommended that the fiscal policies of the different economics were also going into recession. It had failed to predict the crisis of the bank because of the reason of the currency crisis. The following is the table that shows the reduction in the jobs that occurred during the period of recession: Company Jobs cut Headcount before August 20077 Latest headcount8 Remarks PNC Financial Services 5,800 28,054 59,595 Feb. 3 Includes jobs from merger with National City Corp on Dec. 31; job cuts at the combined group due to be completed by 2011 Bank of America 45,500 195,675 243,075 Dec. 31 Includes 30,000-35,000 jobs to be cut over 3 years after the purchase of Merrill Lynch and 7,500 jobs to be cut over 2 years after Countrywide Financial Corp acquisition Barclays 9,050 127,700 150,000 Jan. 15 Includes 3,000 cuts after the acquisition of Lehman Brothers businesses Bear Stearns 1,500 N/A N/A Layoffs August 2007-April 2008, before takeover by JPMorgan Citigroup 75,000 361,000 323,000 Dec. 31 Commerzbank 9,000 35,384 42,983 Sept. 30 All layoffs announced after the acquisition of Dresdner Bank Credit Suisse 7,320 45,600 50,300 Sept. 30 Deutsche Bank 1,380 75,140 81,308 Sept. 30 Fidelity Investments 4,000 Unavailable 44,400 Nov. 12 Fidelity National 4,100 Unavailable Unavailable Financial Inc Includes 1,500 cuts after purchase of three title insurers in December 2008 First American 4,250 38,000 34,000 Oct. 309 Estimate Goldman Sachs 4,800 29,905 30,067 Nov. 28 HSBC 2,850 312,577 335,000 Aug. 4 ING Over 7,000 119,097 130,000 Jan. 27 JP Morgan 16,900 179,664 224,961 Dec. 31 Includes 7,600 cuts announced after purchase of Bear Stearns and 9,200 layoffs at former Washington Mutual Inc., bought by JP Morgan Lehman Brothers 12,570 N/A N/A Includes about 6,000 job cuts made before the bank collapsed in September and an estimated 10,500 left jobless after the bank collapsed about 8,000 others were transferred to Nomura and 10,000 to Barclays Merrill Lynch 3,300 61,900 N/A Layoffs before takeover by Bank of America closed on Jan. 1 Morgan Stanley 8,680 45,845 46,964 Nov. 30 National City Corp 7,400 32,445 N/A Layoffs before National City Corp merged with PNC on Dec. 31 Nomura 1,480 16,854 26,318 Dec. 31 Includes 1,000 jobs cut after acquisition of Lehman Brothers units Santander 2,600 135,922 170,961 Dec. 31 RBS 3,950 135,400 170,000 Nov. 14 Includes employees from ABN-AMRO, acquired in October 2007 UBS 11,000 81,557 77,783 Dec. 31 UniCredit 9,000 135,880 177,393 Sept. 30 Includes staff from Ukrsotsbank, acquired in January 2009 (ILO 2015) The main effects of the crisis were felt in the financial sector. The people were laid off from their jobs around the world and the economies had suffered strongly. The total number of layoffs were 325,000 between August 2007 and 12 February 2009. How the financial crisis affected the economies of different countries: There were many of the countries that derived low income and were vulnerable for the adverse impacts of the global financial crisis that took place. This was due to the following 2 reasons: 1. The global economies were mainly dependent upon the export of the commodities, the remittances, the assistance of the official development and security. These were hit by the global crisis and so were the economies of the countries. 2. The countries underwent the high poverty levels and the reason behind this was the weak institutions. Due to this weak institutions, the economies were unable to cope up with the crisis and were therefore, badly injured. (world Bank, 2015) 2. The United States was the country that was badly hit and the industries that were badly hit includes the banking, real estate and the industry of construction. Millions of the homes were available for sale but none of the people were there to buy them. This was the largest financial crisis in the recent years and the biggest recession from the time of the Great Recession. (Development Goals, 2015) The effects of the recession were felt across all the countries. The emerging Asia had performed better than the rest of the world but had suffered too. When it comes to the economic growth, the effects of the crisis were felt mainly in China, India, Indonesia, Philippines and Vietnam. To the contrary, the effects were also felt in Hong Kong, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. There were mainly 2 important channels during the times of the crisis and they were the global financial markets and the trade. (Federal reserve bank, 2015) References: Bill Thomas, and Holtz-Eakin, K. (2015). What Caused the Financial Crisis? [Online] WSJ. Available at: Developmentgoals.com, (2015). The effect of the financial crisis on the third world | Development Goals. [Online] Available at Kennedy, G. (2015). Federal Reserve Bank San Francisco | Research, Economic Research, Financial Crisis, Global Markets, Asia, Emerging Asia |. [Online] Frbsf.org. Available at: siteresources.worldbank.org, (2015). Impact of the Global Financial and Economic Crisis on Fragile and Conflict-Affected Countries. [Online] Available at: The Economist, (2013). Crash course. [Online] Available at: www.ilo.org, (2015). INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION Sectorial Activities Programmed. [Online] Available at

Introduction to conceptual bases nursing free essay sample

Definition of nursing science 2. Four basic concepts that affect and determine the nursing practice (1) Human being (2) Environment (3) Health (4) Nursing Human being 1. The human being is a uniform whole (entirety) (1) Concept of a whole (2) The uniform whole of human being 1)Physiological 2)Psychological 3)Social 4)Spiritual 5)Cultural 3. The human being is an open system (open whole) (1) Close system (2) Open system 4. The scope of human being in nursing (1) Individual (2) Family (3) Community (4) Society Basic goal of human being: To maintain the balance of organism (1)Balance among subsystems of an organism (2)Balance between organism and its environment (internal environment and external environment) 2. Basic need of human being (1) Definition of basic need 1) Need 2) Basic need of human being (2) Types of basic need 1)Physiological need 2)Social need 3)Affective need 4)Cognitive need 5)Spiritual need (3) Characteristics of basic need 1)Approximately same basic need 2)The importance of each need for each person is different 3)All the basic needs are interconnected and interactive Factors that affect meeting needs 1)Physiological elements 2)Emotional elements 3)Knowledge and intellectual elements 4)Social elements 5)Environmental elements 6)Individual elements 7)Cultural elements (5) The theory related to basic needs —Maslow’s hierarchy theory of Basic needs for Human Being 1) Theory’s basic content a)Physiological needs b)Safety needs c)Love and belongingness needs d)Self-esteem needs e)Needs for self-actualization 2) Basis for need’s hierarchy a)Importance of needs b)Sequence of need’s appearance 3) General rules 4) Significance to nursing To identify client’s unmet needs b)To realize and understand client’s words and behaviors c)To predict client’s unspoken needs d)To collect client’s data comprehensively in case of missing e)To put client’s nursing problems in adequate order 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to conceptual bases nursing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Growth and development of human being (1) Definition of growth and development 1) Growth:a increase on amount in physiological aspect. a)height b)weight c)age 2) Development: (a)Definition: a changing process in physical and psychological aspect along with age’s increase and interaction between individual and its environment. Characteristics of development: a) in order b) predicted c) persistent d) as a result of learning and a symbol of maturation e) holistic (physiological, psychological, social ) 3) Maturation: (a) narrow definition: the process of the growth in physiological aspect and the potential in developmental aspect were exerted fully (b) generalized definition: a individual has not only obtained full development in physiological aspect, but also put up many mature behaviors. (2) Content of growth and developmenT.